Alfred Dickinson was the son of Dr. Alfred James Dickinson, Sr., who pastored First Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, for eighteen years. JamesJr. attended Marion Military Institute in Marion, Alabama, and then the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, and the University of Chicago. After attending the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in Louisville, Kentucky, he was ordained a Southern Baptist minister and served as pastor of the First Baptist Church in Eufaula, Alabama, from 1914 to 1918, when he entered military service as a U.S. Army chaplain. After the war he pastored the First Baptist Church in Tupelo, Mississippi (1918 – 1923); First Baptist Church, Newport News, Virginia (1923 – 1934); First Baptist Church, Mobile Alabama (1934 – 1944); and the First Baptist Church, Elkton, Kentucky, from 1946 until his retirement. In 1939 he received his D.D. from Howard College in Birmingham, Alabama.