Muir Fairchild entered military service as an enlisted man in the Washington National Guard in 1916, before receiving his commission and wings in the Army Air Service. In 1927 he became one of the first recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross. After serving in the Army Air Forces in World War II, he transferred to the U.S. Air Force when it became a separate branch of service in 1947. In 1948 he was appointed the second Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force, died in 1950 while serving in that post.