The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting a Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster in lieu of a Second Award of the Silver Star to Second Lieutenant (Infantry) John W. Baum, United States Army, for gallantry in action while serving with the 36th Infantry Division, in action against the enemy in Italy on 11 February 1944. Just prior to the time his company was to attack, the enemy launched a strong counterattack. In the face of heavy concentrations of artillery, mortar and small arms fire he constantly exposed himself in placing his men in best positions and directing their fire. While doing so he was wounded in the leg by shell fragments, but continued to supervise his men and was materially responsible for crushing the enemy counterattack. His gallant actions and dedicated devotion to duty, without regard for his own life, were in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the United States Army.