James Allen graduated from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Class of 1948. As a fighter pilot he flew combat missions in Korea and Vietnam, and was one of the key planners in the Son Tay Raid during the Vietnam War. From 1974 to 1977 he served as the 7th Superintendent of the U.S. Air Force Academy at Colorado Springs, Colorado. He retired in 1983 as a U.S. Air Force 4-Star General.